单项填空题是高考的一个题型,分值占整个卷面的10%,有的考生由于没有掌握解题技巧,单项填空题失分不少。如今单项填空题一般不是考查"纯语法"或"纯词汇",而是在特定的语言环境中考查考生综合运用语言的能力。本文结合近几年来的高考题,着重谈谈单项填空题中常见的"难题"解题技巧。以期对同学们的学习有所帮助。

难点之一：考查动词时态,不给出明确的时间状语

解题技巧：认真分析上下文语境,确定动词时态

高考单项填空题考查动词时态,往往句子中没有具体的时间状语,要靠对上下文语言环境的分析,才能搞清句子的时态。高考题中对动词时态的考查常采用这种形式。例如：

He kept looking at her, wondering whether he ________ her somewhere.

A. saw B. has seen C. sees D. had seen

析：此题答案为D。题干句意为："他一直打量着她,想知道是否在什么地方见到过她",其中,"kept"用的是一般过去时态,"是否见过"应是发生在"打量"之前,从时间上讲,是过去的过去,故用过去完成时态。又如：

-George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding?

-No. I ________ . Did they have a big wedding?

A. was not invited B. have not been invited C. hadn't been invited D. didn't invite

析：此题答案选C。"上周结婚"和"参加婚礼"都是过去发生的事情,我没有参加是因为我没有受到邀请,故"邀请"的动作应是在此之前的,即,"过去的过去",因此,应用过去完成时态。

难点之二：把短语和固定搭配中的某个成分"置换"出来,构成"迷雾"

解题技巧：把位置还原,看清本质

在做单项填空题时,由于句型转换或其它原因,使短语或固定搭配中的某个成分离开了原来的位置,从而使该短语或固定搭配不易辨认出。例如：

In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ________ she could turn for help.

A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom

析：此答案选D。实际上是考查turn to sb. for help(求助于某人),这里sb.就是题干中的person,且前置作定语从句的先行词,分析时不妨还原,便可看出本质。

难点之三：省略句子的某个成分,从而增加了试题难度

解题技巧：明确省略成分,补全句子看清真面目

________ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.

A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared

析：此题应选D。本题考查when之后非谓语动词形式的掌握情况。其中,对when一词用法的判断是解题的关键。when(或其它词,如while, since, once等)引导状语从句时,如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且从句谓语部分含有be时,可把从句的主语和be一起省略。本题干中在when后省略了it is。即,when it is compared with the size of the whole earth...又如：

The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it.

A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun

析：本题在once之后省略了it is,很明显,此处应用被动语态。故答案应选D。

难点之四：在一定的上下文中考查冠词和代词的应用

解题技巧：准确理解句子的实际含义(即,准确翻译句子)

Jumping out of ________ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite ________ exciting experience.

A. 不填;the B. 不填;an C. an; an D. the; the

析：本句子意为：从一万英尺高的一架飞机上跳下来是一次令人非常兴奋的经历。这里的"一架"、"一次"不能理解为"那架"、"那次"。因此,要用不定冠词。故答案选C。又如：
Few pleasures can equal ________ of a cool drink on a hot day.

A. some B. any C. that D. those

析：本题很多考生易误选D,这主要是受前面pleasures的影响。而句子的实际含义为：几乎没有乐趣能与炎热夏天的一杯凉爽饮料相比。这里"夏天的一杯凉爽的饮料带来的乐趣"当然是"一种",故用that,而不用those。

难点之五：利用插入语使句子结构变复杂,以此"迷惑"考生

解题技巧：去掉插入语,理顺句子结构,从而透视本来面目

E-mail, as well as telephones, ________ an important part in daily communication.

A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play

析：本题在主语(E-mail)之后加了一个插入语(as well as telephones),谓语动词应与句子主语(E-mail)一致,所以,动词要用单数,只有答案A正确。

难点之六：利用语境考查语言知识的应用,没有明显的提示

解题技巧：认真领会上下文,找准"信息点"(或"提示句 / 词")

-Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?

-Sorry, I am not sure. But it ________ be.

A. might B. will C. must D. can

析：根据答语中的I am not sure,说明把握不大,故答案为A。这里I am not sure就是一个重要的信息。又如：

________ straight on and you'll see a church. You won't miss it.

A. Go B. Going C. If you go D. When going

析：题干中有连词and引导的一个句子,所以不能选C、D,在英语里面,"祈使句+and / or+陈述句"是一常用句型,故答案选A。

1、This kind of bird is rarely seen in the cold area, but it is very in the warm area.

A general　 B ordinary　 C common　 D usual

2、The two problems are linked ,and it makes sense to consider them together.

A closely　 B close C wide D widely

3、Alice was laughing and joking at the party ,but her sister sat with something worried in mind.

A silent　 B silently C silence D silencer

4、In the library ,he managed to find the book.

A ancient valuable yellow Chinese medical  B valuable Chinese medical ancient yellow

C valuable ancient yellow Chinese medical  D medical ancient valuable yellow Chinese

5、are allowed to take part in the outdoor activities.

A　Old enough children to dress themselves  B　Children enough old to dress themselves

C　Children old enough to dress themselves  D　Enough old children to dress themselves

6、　quality factors ,this is the best ice cream you can buy.

A. In terms of B In case of C As a result of　 D In time of

7、I am surprised that a company with the good would produce such poor quality goods.

A. enjoyment　 B appreciation　 C entertainment　 D reputation

8、This was the 　for expressions of friendship by the two countries’ presidents.

A occasion B case　 C situation　 D background

9、The government is taking steps towards dealing with country’s economic problems arising in the reform and opening –up.

A subjective　 B attractive C respective　 D tentative

10、In the end ,they finished the task in expected.

A. as half much time as B as much time half asC half as much time as　 D half so much time as

11、He looked very funny ,wearing too large a jacket 　her tiny sweater.

A. over B above　 C into D beyond

12、Our understanding of human genetics has 　considerably.

A gained B exposed C advanced D experienced

结构型单项填空

13、The dying man was moving his eyes slowly as if for his relatives.

A　to look B looked　 C looking D he looked

14、If you go to XI’AN, you will find the places there more magnificent than commonly .

A supposing　B supposed C to suppose　 D suppose

15、--- Mum ,why do you always make me eat an egg every day

---- enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.

A Getting B Get　 C To get D To be getting

16、The policeman did he could frighten the little girl.

A. all, not to　 B all that ,not　 C. what ; in order that not D all what ; in order not to as

17、The Smiths have three sons, one a baby, twins of thirteen.

A another B other　 C the other D the others

18、We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen ,So Peter made from wood we had.

A it　 B one C himself D another

19.He believes in himself , 　in my opinion ,is of the most importance.

A that　 B which C what　 D as

20、---- How long do you suppose it is 　he arrived here

---No more than half a week.

A .when B before C after　 D since

21、Tom telephoned all his friends , everyone the exciting news that he was accepted by a famous university.

A tell　 B to tell C telling　 D told

22、Which do you feel like 　the time on the train, chatting with friends or just reading something

A to kill B to share　 C killing　 D sharing

23、--- What did she so much money

--Nothing but a necklace made of glass.

A spend on B pay for　 C buy for　 D sell for

24、I will spend my holiday in Shanghai , lives my uncle.

A who　 B which C where　 D that

25、Has the boy who was made use of realized his mistakes

A stealing B stolen C to steal　D for stealing

26、To a small and faraway town like this ,a car accident is always considered 　interest, so people soon gathered around.

A as B of　 C by D in

27、You never imagine what great trouble I have 　this paper in my house.

A found　 B finding　 C to find　 D for finding

28、a different life today is what it was 30 years ago.

A How ,from　 B What a ,from C What ;from D How ;with

29、It was this girl that the shopkeeper caught the sugar in the shop.

A steal　 B stealing C to steal　 D stole

30、It was 　the old clock that the old man spent the whole morning at home.

A repaired B repairing 　C to repaired D repair

31、I t is he often fails in exams 　makes his parents worried about him.

A. that ; that B what ;that　 C that ;what D /; that

32、Personally, I think it is the sales manager ,rather than the sales girls, 　to blame.

A is B that is C are D who are

33、---Who is making so much noise in the garden

---- the children.

A It is　 B They are C That is D There are

34、Is this researcher center 　you visited the modern equipment last year

A where　 B that C the one that　 D the one where

35、He devoted all the money he had a school.

A set up　B to set up　 C to setting up　 D setting up

36、　is well known ,said our headmaster ,that great changes have take place in China in the last twenty years.

A. As　 B That　 C It D Which

37、He told me that he would do all he could his work on time.

A finish　 B finishing C To finish D finished

38、What do you think 　true in his words

A be B of being C is D being

39、More attention should be paid good habits of reading carefully.

A for forming　 B to form C to forming D in forming

40、I have already forgotten 　you put the dictionary.

A that it was there　B where was it thatC that where it was　 D where it was that

41、How pleased the detective was what his customer told him !

A hearing B heard　 C to hearing　 D to hear

42、If carefully　,the experiment will be successful.

A do B does　 C done D doing

1-5 CAACC 6-10 ADADC 11-15 ACCBC　 16-20 ADBBD 21-25 CABCC

26-30 BBABB 31-35 ABADC 36-42 CCCCDDC

语境，语境＋语法型单选专练

1、I had no idea ______ is better, so I took ______ of them.

A what, both　 B what, none C which, both D which, all

2、----- I don’t like him, ______

------ No, I don’t at all.

A do I B do you　 C don’t I　 D does she

3、China is larger than _____ in Asia.

A any other country B any country C any other countries D any countries

4、---- You don’t look well. Are you ill

----- No, the exam is coming and I _____ reading until midnight.

A stayed up B am staying up C have stayed up D will stay up

5、----- You should have studied in the classroom last night.

------ I regret _____ at that time.

A to surf the Internet B surfing the Internet C to have surfed the Internet D surfed the Internet

6、I _____ go home in the summer vacation, but I haven’t decided yet.

A may B must C have to D should

7、I tried hard to get some information about the new technology out of　his mouth, but he remained _____.

A innocent B common　 C silent D available

8、---- Christmas is drawing near. Are you going home for the holiday

---- I haven’t decided yet. I _____ go home, but it depend on the weather.

A must　 B need　 C may D will

9、I will have begun to do the work _____ 3 o’clock this afternoon.

A by B at　 C after D before

10、He _____ his wife to clean the room, so he did.

A allowed　 B promised　 C permitted D agreed

11、----- Why not try some of the chocolate cake Don’t you like chocolate

----- _____, but I’m having trouble with my bad tooth.

A Yes, I do B Yes, I don’t　 C No, I don’t　 D No, I do

12、----- Do you smoke

-----_____. It’s years since I smoked.

A Yes, I do B No, I don’t　 C Not too much　 D A lot

13、------I saw no more than one motor-car in that shop. Will you go and buy ____

------ No, I’d rather find _____ in other shops.

A one, one　 B it, it C one, it D it, one

14、____loves them dearly. She spares no money and makes every effort　to have them well educated.

A Mary’s and Kate’s mother　 B Mother of Mary’s and Kate’s C Mary and Kate’s mother　 D Mother of Mary and Kate

15、----- You haven’t been to Macao, have you

----- . How I wish to go there!

A Yes, I have B Yes, I haven’t　 C No, I have　 D No, I haven’t

16、I ____ with my uncle and aunt because my parents have gone abroad for a holiday.

A stayed B am staying C have stayed D was staying

17、------ I will thank you ____ my affairs alone.

------ I will. It’s none of my business.

A for leaving　 B not to leave　 C for having left     D to leave

CBAAB ACCAB ABDCD BA

搭配型单项填空专练

1、He promised me to be here at one o’clock, but he didn’t _________.

A. turn up　 B. turn down　 C. turn out　 D. turn in

2、These scientific discoveries may __________ light on the origins of the universe.

A. throw　 B. cost　 C. carry D. share

3、–I went to the airport to meet my uncle yesterday evening.

--It is no ________ that I didn’t see you at the lecture hall.

A. problem　 B. wonder C. doubt　 D. way

4、Let us briefly consider how you might analyze this problem by _______ of the scientific method.

A. ways B. methods C. means　 D. approaches

5、An answer ________ that question might give clues to the question of the function of sleep.

A. of B. in C. to D. over

6、In the middle of the night, she banged on the door, calling my name ________ the top of her voice.

A. in　 B. at　 C. with D. beyond

7、Have you all paid me I’m about _________.

A. cheap B. short　 C. little　 D. few

8、My teaching approach was successful and I was popular _________ the pupils, the parents, and the headmaster.

A. to　 B. on　C. with D. over

9、Don’t sit reading _________ the sun, or you’ll get burnt.

A. in　 B. under　 C. with D. on

10、The boy ________ us in the hotel last night is very polite.

A. waiting for B. waiting on　 C. taking on D. caring for

11、The man _________ the shop is Li Lei’s brother.

A. in charge of B. in the charge of C. take charge of　 D. take the charge of

12、The war between the tow countries is far from _________ .

A. finishing　 B. end　 C. over D. completion

13、Do you have anything similar ________ this material but different _________ color

A. to; in B. to; from C. to; to D. in; from

14、He just _________ it for granted that he would pass the exam.

A. looked B. carried C. turned　 D. took

15、We offered to pay our half of the cost but Charles would ________ none of it.

A. lose B. take　 C. survive　D. have

16、–This is Jane speaking.

--Oh, it’s you. Your voice sounds quite different _________ by the phone.

A. for　 B from C. by D. on

17、He spends a lot of time ________ the TV set.

A. in watching B. on　 C. in front of　 D. on watching

18、_________ to secret papers is restricted to senior management.

A. Means B. Acceptance C. Access D. Advice

AABCC BBCAB ACADD DCC

综合型单选专练

1、Helen had to shout ____ a high voice ____ in the waiting room.

A. at; making herself hear B. in; to make herself hearC. in; making herself heard　 D. in; to make herself heard　

2、His brother hasn’t been to Beijing, ____ hers ____.

A. so; has　 B. neither; hasn’t　 C. nor; hasn’t　 D. but; has　

3、----Do the measures taken by the government work

----Yes, ____ waste water ____ into the river at present.

A. more; is being poured　 B. less; is being pouredC. more; has been poured D. less; will be poured

4、----Do you want a cup of tea or coffee

----____, I really don’t care.

A. Neither　 B. None　 C. Either　 D. Both

5、----I enjoy ____ football.

----____ my sister and me.

A.playing; So doB. to play; So areC. to play; So did　 D. playing; So it is with

6、----You could have asked Mr. Johnson for help. He is kind-hearted.

----I ____ that. A whole day ___.

A.forget; wastes　 B. forgot; was wastedC.forgot; had wastedD. forget; was wasted

7、I had intended to see you in the hospital last week, but I ____ too busy.

A. was　 B. had been　 C. would be　 D. would have been

8、The Internet gives people the chance to have the information they look forward ____ to them quickly and cheaply.

A. to deliver　 B. deliver　 C. to delivering　 D. to delivered

9、I think English is the hardest ____ all my subjects.

A. to be learned in B. to be learned ofC. to learn form　 D. to learn of

10、I’m sure the revolution I’m devoted ____.

A. to succeed　 B. to will succeedC. to succeeding　 D. to succeeded

11、Some people insisted that the person ____ a thief and insisted that he ____ to the police station.

A. was; be taken B. was; would be takenC. should be; should be taken　 D. be; be taken

12、Everyone says ____ center has been set up to give ____ on scientific farming for the nearby farmers.

A. information; advice　 B. an information; adviceC. an information; advices D. information; advices

13、____ boy was present at the meeting, and ____ of them was encouraged to express his own idea freely.

14、A. Each; each B. Every; every C. Each; every D. Every; each

15、It’s ____ honor for us to fight for ____ honor of ours.

A. an; /　 B. an; the　 C. /; the　 D. an; an

16、----What is that tall man standing under the tree？

----He is an astronaut, ____ most boys like.

A. whom　 B. which　 C. that　 D. what

17、----Which tie would you prefer, the black tie or the red tie, madam

----I’ll take ____, to have a change sometimes.

A. neither　 B. none　 C. either　 D. both

18、----Are you satisfied with what he did

----No, it couldn’t have been ____.

A. worse　 B. better　 C. so bad　 D. the worse

19、----I hear David has won the first prize in the English lecture competition, Mr. Green.

----____, and ____.

A. So he has; so you have　 B. So he has; so have you C. So has he; so have you　 D. So has he; so you have

DDBCD BADDB ABDBB DAB

逻辑型单项填空

1、He _______ sleeping pills, for he didn’t wake up till lunch time.

A must have taken　 B should have takenC would have taken D had surely taken

2、The idea for the new machine occurred to Mr. Bake _____ to his invention recently.

A while devoting B while devoted C while he was devoted D while devoting himself __________, tears came to her eyes.

A Having seen the film B Seeing the filmC When she saw the film　 D After having seen the film

3、Cardew did not join the navy. _______, he decided to join the theater and become an actor.

A Therefore　 B Luckily　 C Furthermore　 D Instead

He looked ____ at the new on the radio.

A sad B sadly C fun　 D sadness

4、The pollution is getting worse and worse. First of all, we must stop the air__________.

A polluting　 B from being polluted C to pollute　 D pollute

5、He is looking forward to _________ what is happening over there.

A see　 B seeing　 C seen　 D saw

6、In order not to be found, I’ll spend the night ________ in your room.

A locking　 B locked　 C to lock　 D lock

7、I will go to Beijing on business tomorrow, do you have anything _________ to your son studying in Peking University

A to be taken　 B to take　 C taken　 D being taken

8、_________ carefully, the mixture was bitter.

A Tasted　 B Tasting　 C Taste　 D to taste

9、__________ in the repair shop, he drove his brother’s instead.

A Repaired　 B Repairing　 C Being repaired　 D His car being repaired

10、Being out of order, ________ to the factory.

A he send his computer　 B he drove at once　 C his computer was sent D his father helped him send it

11、I was advised to arrange for insurance _____ I needed medical treatment.

A in case　 B so that　 C although　 D if

ACCDA BABAA DCA